Lao-tzu: Taoism and Moral Philosophy

Lao-tzu Believed in Tao Te Ching The counselling things be The Tao is the way, law, principle. Essence, balance of genius 1. The Tao escapes precise definition 2. Tao is intangible, its nil 3. Tao is powerful, humans atomic number 18 weak 4. Radical Naturalism Tao is a advertize of nature no. a force of spirit * Art everywhere science art is wiser, incomprehensibleer * Intuition over logic * Nature over society. Social Pessimism (Escapism) Every society is corrupted bureaucracy society restricts you gives you an kitschy life 5. Structure of the Tao Yin female slow dark night peaceable intuitive earth Yang male fast bright day self-asserting logical skyYin and Yang are immortals they take on a love/ have kindred each person has yin and yang 6. The wu-wei non-action, respect to the flow of time, the art of waiting. Opposite of confusious Buddha Buddha is a spiritualist, a prince, awarded 1. Darhma (The teaching) -what is the meaning of human life? Dukkha suffering, fig ht, struggle, competition why do we inflict upon ourselves unnecessary suffering? Tanha egotism, selfishness, Trrisha greed, addiction to pleasure Hu tangle withism seek pleasure over pain. Seeking pleasure is a very sophisticate trap any addiction Is loss of freedom.You become a striver of your pleasure What to do? Anatta abstinence, restrained. No to any excessive pleasure. The art of no. What is the goal? Anicca liberation from addiction 2. The eight fold Noble direction Panna wisdom 1. Understanding 2. Purpose sila conflict 3. Speech 4. Behavior fiver incorrupt rules do not kill, steal, adultry, drugs, gossips Have consistancy in your morality, hypocracy corrupts you, dont live a double life, fake identity Steps 1-5 are for normal people 6-8 are for monks or nuns Samadhi Contemplation 6. Effort you supremacy your body, visible leads, tell body when to sleep and eat 7. houghtfulness control your emotions 8. Dhayana deep meditation control your mind. 3. Karma 3 type s of karma * Sabija Karma my birth karma. Born with culture in sould, reincarnation 4. Nirvana Two countrys of reality Samsava kingdom of pleasure, shallow Alaya Vijhara The region of internal predilections, deep Nirvana the state of perpetual spiritual bliss Protageras He was king of sophists in athens. Sophist pofessional teacher 1. Panton anttropas metron man is the account of all things 2. Subjectivism there is no objective justness, every truth is individuals truth, or has its face 3.Relativism as many people as many truths, they are all equal. Accepting diversity 4. Pragmatism truth has to be helpful, practical, useful 5. Conventionalism truth is what we have agreed upon (sometimes silently) Ex cultural expectations, gender roles 6. Conformism truth of the majority has to be reckon by the minorities 7. Tolerance The truth of the minority has to be tolerated by the majority He reminds me of president obama because his ideas reflect democratic beliefs. Socrates 1. Cho ti Seanton Know Yourself We humans are animals + Animals + psyche ( soul)Care for your soul Soul = my self reflection We are wistful animals To reflect = to have make doledge I know that I know nothing a life unexamined is not worth living 2. Epistemology (4 principles) make up matchlesss mind the basic concepts as clear as you can, avoid misunderstandings Dont be afraid of intellectual contradictions, diversity in opinions Socratic irony, dont lose your esthesis of humor, dont take yourself so seriously Only theology knows the absolute truth, our human truth is exceptional Protageras absolute truth doesnt exist Socrates absolute truth exits besides only god knows 3. lesson philosophical system The pith of morality is to teach us arete virtue, skills Perfect your skills, perectionism Its develop to not be committed than to have a loose commitment Skills =knowledge Life-long education, ignorance is the mother of all evil 4. The idea of god God is the one, god is the absol ute wisdom God is my moral vocation God is the voice of my conscience He believes in one god, god speaks to us from inside Find god through self reflection Plato Rich talented, student of socrates 1. Ontology What is the structure of reality?Being essence deep form logical traditional moral spiritual eternal Becoming surface, shallow, content, fashionable immoral material temporary What is the structure of existence? Being consists of eidoses Eidos spiritual form, intellectual bluepring , the law, the mold, the model Anything that exists physically has an eidos, it creates each specialized physical ting Invention does not exist find, before discovery eidos exists exclusively its similar a cold sun without rays The eidos of eidoses is closeness 2. Epistemelogy LevelsRealityKnowledge 1.Fake images illusions, kingdom of the stupid, wild imagination 2. Physcial things, kingdom of the everyday life, practical common sense 3. Low level idoses, kingdom of the professional, profession al analytic mind 4. extravagantly eidoses, (love, justice, forgiveness) kingdom of the genius, the intellectual intuition of the genius 1 and 2 is turn 3 and 4 is being 1 is artificial life, building a bubble around yourself 2. Practical things know how to take care of yourself 3. original knowledge become an expert in a subject need an analytical mind 4.Very few geniuses, best of the best, shakespeare, einstein, mozart. Have a gift from god or not, only males are geniuses, women are naturally innate(p) with common sens e and to become a genius you have to kill your common sense, every genius is a madman 3. Moral Philosophy To be moral means to have a arete virture The worry of social change, social disorder, social chaos. Arete = not so much graven image but discipline, obedience, pricey organization, loyalty Plato supports closed social classes doesnt like social mobility, caste system 4. Hates democracy.Problems are phony promises of politicians, equal governmental rights for unequally educated people, excessive freedoms result is anarchy and tyranny he wants aristocratic republic Reminds me of hitler Aristotle Platos student 1. Ontology The kingdom of eidoses doesnt exist, only nature does exist. Nature is a sum total of physical things Every physical thing consists of hyle body, matter and telos form Telos not so much outside form but an inner form the potential of the thing its prgram deoxyribonucleic acid ex potential of talent God is the telos of nature when you die your telos dies god and nature coexist eternally 2.Eistemology Using observation and experimentation salt away all relevant facts, using analysis, find out the laws of those facts, using logic, deepen these laws into a comprehensive theory Scientific theory 3. Moral Philosophy Nicomachagu Ethics Eudaimonia noble destiny, fulfilling duty Sophro syhe moderation Have good taste keep the mean, be a gentleman Fulfill your telos he believes all of us have gifts a duty to fulfill your gift, pull in hard we each have gifts to different degrees Dont snitch yourself (lie, cheat)Every betrayal starts as self betrayal you discharge yourself and then destroy everyone around you Honesty and integrity Obstacles dont underestimate them but dont overestimate them Pleasure not the goal of your action but a by product Build your character its better to be unceasingly bad then unpridictable either be always bad or always bood Friendship be a good loyal friend 4. Political Philosophy Democracy is the best government Democracy is the power of middle class The middle class is the root of the healthy society